Developer-friendly IoT devices and tools

IoT Overview:

• IoT for Embedded Systems: The New Industrial Revolution (Micrium)
• Overview of Internet of Things (Google)

Devices:

• Arduino/Genuino 101 - the new Arduino uses the Intel Curie!  See also the Intel Arduino101 site.
• ESP8266  This is a very impressive and cheap little IoT device - MCU, WIFI, etc. for a couple of bucks!  Breakout modules for anywhere from $6 to $10.  Do a web search and you'll find lots of ESP8266 info and products; a good place to start is esp8266.com.  Support for Lua and Javascript.  CAVEAT: the ESP8266 has already been through numerous versions so make sure you get the one you want.
• Intel Edison - a little more expensive but a lot more powerful - a CPU running Linux, a separate MCU, a DSP, Wifi, Bluetooth, lots of memory, etc.
• Texas Instruments has tons of IoT stuff.  Look for the Launchpad for the device you're interested in - these are inexpensive Arduino-like dev boards that make it easy to tinker.  The website also has lots of background info, whitepapers, training vids, etc.  See in particular
• SensorTag
• SimpleLink™ Sub-1 GHz ultra-low power wireless MCU
• Energia - an Arduino-like IDE for TI hardware.
• OpenMote
• Other HW vendors: the semiconductor market is very competitive, with many major players and heaven knows how many smaller ones. Many of them are beginning to offer Arduino-like development boards for products that previously would only have been of interest to professional EEs.  See for example:
• NXP - Formerly Philips Semiconductor.  NXP recently acquired Freescale, which was formerly the semiconductor division of Motorola
• Atmel - recently acquired by Microchip.  Up until the release of the Arduino101, which uses the Intel Curie MCU, Arduinos used Atmel MCUs
• STMicroelectronics
• Online IoT-friendly retailers: lots.  I've had good luck with these, but there are lots of others; do shop around.
• Adafruit
• Sparkfun
• Mouser
• Make - maker zine
• Hackster.io

Software:

• Espruino
• NodeMCU "open-source firmware and development kit that helps you to prototype your IOT product within a few Lua script lines"  (ESP8266)
• AT&T Flow - web-based dev environment.  based on:
• Node-RED - "A visual tool for wiring the Internet of Things" (developed and open-sourced by IBM)
• Alljoyn
• Iotivity

Operating Systems:

• 8 IoT Operating Systems Powering the Future (Information Week)
• RIOT
• FreeRTOS
• Contiki
• TinyOS
• Brillo (Google)
• mBed OS (ARM)

Protocols:

• CoAP (IETF)
• MQTT (OASIS standard)
• MQTT-SN
• 6LoWPAN
• 802.15.4
• RPL - IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks
• WTF is … Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks?
• Modbus
• OpenWSN "... open-source implementations of a complete protocol stack based on Internet of Things standards.."

Standards:

• Microsoft, Qualcomm And Intel Start Playing Nice On 'Internet Of Things' Standards
• Open Connectivity Foundation (Intel; formerly Open Interconnect Consortium)
• Allseen Alliance (Qualcomm)
• OMA (Open Mobile Alliance) - device management stuff, LWM2M, etc. OBFUSCATION ALERT: in OMA-speak, an "Enabler" is a specification.
• IPSO Alliance  (smart objects, based on LWM2M from OMA)
• CoRE (Constrained RESTful Environments) WG - IETF Work Group, home of CoAP
• oneM2M
• ETSI IoT

Standards bodies:

• A list of some organizations providing standards for the Internet of Things and Machine to Machine

Cloud services - testing, data storage, etc.

• IoT-LAB  "IoT-LAB provides a very large scale infrastructure facility suitable for testing small wireless sensor devices and heterogeneous communicating objects."

Other:

• awesome-iot - a list of IoT resources somebody put on github
• IPSO Alliance page listing devices for building smart objects